The Columbian Government Essay - 833 Words

When one is looking at a country’s government there are a few things that one should look at specifically: the type of government, the leadership and how it is achieved, and how the people are represented in the government. At times it can be difficult to find this information, especially true information, while at other times it can be very easy. The latter is true for the Columbian government. The Columbian government looks and runs very similar to the United States government, at least on a federal level. This means that the government is a republic and unlike some countries where they claim to be but are not actually, Columbia is. Their government has three parts to it, just as ours does: the executive branch, the legislature branch,†¦show more content†¦There is the Constitutional Court, which upholds the integrity of the constitution, decide how constitutional a law is, and to make amendments to it. The Superior Judicial Council’s job is to solve disputes between the other courts. Its judges are chosen by the other three courts and serve for an eight-year term. The Council of State is the highest court for civil law, and its judges are chosen from a selection of judges chosen by the Superior Judicial Council. The fourth and final court is the Supreme Court of Justice and is the highest criminal court, the judges are chosen the same as the Council of State and both groups of judges serve for four-year terms. All of the courts are as coequal as possible and intertwined as one can see in how they choose their judges. On a more local level there are governors, municipal governments, and mayors. The governors are elected by popular vote, but they were once appointed by the president. Each department has the right to establish lower governments known as municipal districts are. With in each district there is a municipal council which is elected by popular vote. The mayor is elected by popular vote to serve a two-year term, and just like t he governors, the mayors used to be appointed by the presidents and controlled by the governor; all of this was changed with the 1991 constitution reform. As one can see the people have a large voice in their government, the only branchShow MoreRelated The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Columbia Essay1396 Words   |  6 PagesThe Revolutionary Armed Forces of Columbia The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Columbia, or FARC, have been waging a guerilla war against the Columbian government for thirty-eight years. The organization has a Marxist-Socialist ideological base and has been terrorizing Columbia for some time now. The most recent development is Senator Martha Catalina Daniels was shot twice in the head and killed on March 3. Her body and two others were found at the bottom of a ravine about twenty-fiveRead MoreInformative Speech969 Words   |  4 PagesCulture Speech Outline Mr. Meyer April 10, 2013 Informational Speech: The Columbian Drug Cartel * Title: The Columbian Drug Cartel * General Purpose: To inform * Specific Purpose: To inform the audience on the major aspects of the Columbian Drug Cartel by focusing on the two larges Cartels in Columbia—Medellin Cartel and Cali Cartel. * Central Idea: By first focusing on the generalized synopsis of how the Columbian Drug Cartels function, I will then be able to give a more detailed accountRead MoreEssay On The Peace Be With You989 Words   |  4 Pagesbetween all of the different braches of the Columbian army very from group to group, all of which have valid reasoning; however, the Columbian government was desperate to bring peace back to their country and reduce the deaths and displacement of Columbian citizens. With all traditional means proving to be ineffective, the Columbian government introduced advertising and marketing into their peace propositions. In the early 2000’s, the Columbian government embarked the help of Jose Miguel SokoloffRead MoreChristopher Columbus : The United States And Charles C. Mann s 14911449 Words   |  6 Pagesand goods that made it all the way across the sea from Genoa, but students have not been introduced to the carryover of disease(s) that Columbus and his men effortlessly passed on to the Native Peoples, the inaccuracies of the pre-Columbian North America, or the government s influence on historical beliefs. The tales of Columbus that are popularized across education only offers a monitored and censored account of what actually took place. They mold the minds of students to celebrate Columbus’ successRead MoreThe Cost Of A Carbon Tax Or Cap And Trade System1161 Words   |  5 Pagesindustries that are key actors in the local economy. Hence, at times, it is difficult for industries to promote clean energy at a reasonable time to internalize the extra cost imposed on them through a ca rbon tax policy. For instance, the Conservative government in Canada had opposed carbon pricing, arguing that it would hurt economic growth, especially in the oil sector. In addition, they argued that a carbon pricing policy would not achieve its intended goals because other countries are not willing toRead MoreNegative Effects Of The Columbian Exchange1498 Words   |  6 PagesIn 1492, Christopher Columbus sailed the ocean blue. This was the very first step in starting the Columbian exchange. The Columbian exchange was the process of the New World and the Old World transferring ideas, plants, animals, culture, human populations, and manufactured goods across the Atlantic Ocean throughout the 15th and the 16th century. Even though there were many positive results out of the exchange including the finding of the Americas, new plant and animal species, and the Europeans gainingRead MoreThe Death Of Escobar : A Controversial Topic899 Words   |  4 PagesPablo Escobar was a notoriou s Columbian drug lord that managed one of the largest cocaine cartels in history. At the height of his power, Escobar was producing 80% of the United States’ cocaine supply. I would break down his life by younger life; personal life; early years; rise to power; height of power; criminal life; death and aftermath. Images of Escobar, his partners, family, homes, the Columbian forces, and the cocaine workshops would be included in my article. The death of Escobar is stillRead MoreThe Revolutionary Armed Forces Of Colombia1686 Words   |  7 PagesThe Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Columbia, otherwise known as FARC (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia) was originally established in 1964 from a fractioned group of the Columbian Communist Party. It was formed during a war between the political parties that consisted of liberals and conservatives. After the Violence aka La Violencia which left around 200,000 people dead over a 15 year span many peasants fled their homes including one ManuelRead MoreEssay Drug Trafficking, Consequences, and Accountability1453 Words   |  6 Pagesillegal drug trafficking found throughout Latin America is not an issue that can be solved by either a government or an individual alone. Unfortunately, it is also an issue that requires more than one solution in order to solve the problem. Each Latin American state is unique, as are the various citizens who inhabit them. As drug trafficking is a transnational force, Latin American governments often find themselves not only at odds with one another, but with larger political and economic powers suchRead MorePablo Escobar8 80 Words   |  4 Pageswould give her everything. This was his childhood ambition, along with being rich by the time he was 22.1 The fact that he was poor motivated him and made him strive for power and money. He later became the most notorious and richest drug lord and Columbian congressman. Pablo Escobar, as far as personality goes, no one except those who knew him very personally could tell you what he is like, but if you were to ask the people of Columbia and the people of the United States on what Pablo Escobar was

Research and Reflection of External Communication - 655 Words

This analysis will analyze the four publications provided by the instructor, regarding external communication, for research and reflection. The primary focus will be on the application of the information to the public sector, and the implications my findings may have on public sector accountability and performance. In the book, The Power of Communication, Doris Graber provides a comprehensive overview of the public’s interactions and encounters with public administrators (2003). Graber states that accountability and responsiveness are the most important reasons for communication between public officials and citizens but responsiveness is generally poorer in the public sector because demand is higher than the public sector can handle (2003). Although agencies that rely on citizen input and are structured accordingly are more responsive (Graber, 2003). Communications with the public are a necessary are part of government in order to determine the needs of the public and to provi de appropriate services. The main point Graber is making is that the citizens, their feedback and input are a necessary and valuable part of government and as public administrators we should be accountable and responsive to the public we serve (2003). While Graber focused on individual interactions with public administrators, Laurence O’Toole focused on communication between agencies and external entities (1997). Examples of common inter-organizational ties include contracting arrangements,Show MoreRelatedRole Of Hrm Over The Period Of Time1495 Words   |  6 Pagesreview of two human resources related articles: â€Å"Extending the Scope of Organisational Culture: the External Perception or an Internal Phenomenon† (MacIntosh and Doherty, 2007) and â€Å"Organisational Culture: An exploratory study comparing faculties’ perspectives within public and private universities in Malaysia† (Ramachandran, Ching and Ismail, 2010). This journal review is concluded by a reflection wherein the scholar expresses his experiences of the task. Next comes an essay which provides an insightRead MoreMy Personal Life With My Family And Friends816 Words   |  4 PagesBetsy Sparrow, a psychologist at Columbia University, defines transactive memory as a shared system of knowledge where we have external memory systems available to us, typically in other people or the internet. We have learned to rely on these external systems to provide information rather than remember it ourselves. Even though I’ve never heard the term ‘transactive memory’ before watching this video, it makes sense. We can’t possibly remember everything, especially if we don’t use it every dayRead MoreAlaska Airlines And The Corporate Culture1465 Words   |  6 PagesAirlines. In other words, engaged employee will strive to take care of their external customers (Box Byus, 2009). These methods were the methods by which Minicucci created a sense of urgency and built a team of individuals committed to restoring Alaska Airlines profitability and performance. A. Create Urgency Reflect on what you think should have been done in the change effort regarding those two steps. State your reflection as recommendations on how you would implement Kotter’s step 1, answers toRead Moresales development and Merchandising Essay1212 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Task A Research report describing the elements of the product in a business and services context After selecting a hotel of your choice, carry out an individual research into the element of the product of this hotel, and produce a written report of your findings which should include: a) A discussion about the key components of the product and how the product mix contributes to sales and profit (ref. 1.1, 1.2) b) An assessment on how market segmentation contribute to maximise sales (ref. 1.3) Read MoreThe Rise Of Fascism During Nazi Germany And Germany1623 Words   |  7 PagesMOVEMENTS The first topic of the semester will explore the rise of Fascism in Nazi Germany and the methods by which citizens of Germany and Austria were influenced to join in Nazi ideology and policies or to resist them. In this assessment, you need to research the influence of the different individuals and organisations who either supported or resisted the Nazi Government. You will need to prepare a response to the question: â€Å"What was the impact of individuals/groups within Nazi Germany in supportingRead MoreReflective Reflection : Reflective Thinking1242 Words   |  5 PagesThis self-reflection will incorporate the 4R’s model of reflective thinking in order for my reflections to be properly structured. The overall group project was a good experience for me, and provided me a great opportunity to work with people from different cultures. Although these people were from different cultures, I knew each group member before this assignment and had worked with the majority of them previously. Therefore, I respected all the group member’s and the skills, strengths and weaknessesRead MoreThe Effects Of Routine Activities On Happiness Essay1348 Words   |  6 Pageshappiness demonstrates significant variability across time, age, and contexts. Little research has examined the combined effects of behavior, attitudes, and lifespan development on happiness. The purpose of the study carried out by Bailey, Kang, and Schmidt (2016) was to determine the influence of leisure routine, locus of control, wisdom, and age on happiness. Leisure routines compromised social media, reflection, physical activity, time outdoors, and friends. In addition, the researchers also wantedRead MoreTeam Reflection Essay1213 Words   |  5 Pages Learning Team Reflection OPS/571 Operations Management November 01, 2013 Instructor: Luanne Arredondo Learning Team Reflection This week reflection paper Team A will discuss Total Quality Management (TQM) and International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Team A will discuss how TQM and ISO can improve an organization, the benefits, and challenges of each, and the role of the Quality Control departments in relation to either TQM and ISO. Team A will start with a definitionRead MoreAdult Learning Theories Used Throughout The Learning Process1562 Words   |  7 Pagesof the key points were made on the concepts of self-regulation and self-reflection. According to Nancy Rhea, self-regulation enables a person to select and manage pertinent activities in order to realize goals. This is essential throughout parenthood because having the ability to manage disruptive emotions and impulses, and to think before you react can assist in stopping unhelpful behavior. The other concept, self-reflection, â€Å"refers to a person s ability to think about the consequences of pastRead MoreDeveloping A Curriculum Desi gn That Promotes The Transition Of Nursing Students From An Associate Degree Nurse ( Bsn )1145 Words   |  5 Pagesthat community and health care agencies stay well-informed about the new curriculum development and progression. Transparent communication is essential between all agencies involved. It is not unlikely that the involved agencies will not be able to attend all the town hall meetings. The faculty has also considered alternate strategies for communication. These communications can occur via email, face-to-face encounters, or web-based conferences. The faculty will communicate information to the CEO and

Legal Aspects of International Trade Apple Company †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Legal Aspects of International Trade Apple Company. Answer: Apple is an American Multinational technology company that was founded by Steve Jobs, Steve Woznaik and Ronald Wayne. The company was incorporated as Apple Computer, Inc. whose head quarter is located in Cupertino, California. The company employs 115,000 full-time employees and maintains 478 retail stores in seventeen countries worldwide. It also operates in Australia and the company develops designs, sells computer software, consumer electronics, and provides online services (Payne 2017). The hardware products of Apple include the iPod portable media player, the iPhone, the Mac personal computer, the iPad tablet, the Apple TV digital media player and the Apple smart watch. The software products of the company include maCOS and the IOS operating systems, the Safari web browser, the iTunes media player and the IWork and the ILife creativity and productivity suites. The online services provide by the company include the iTunes store, Mac App store, IOS App store, iCloud and Apple Music . The company, being one of the biggest companies in the world, is outgrowing its present head quarters rapidly. Apple has spent years in constructing a complement to its Head quarter at One Loop in Cupertino, California. The new campus is officially known as the Apple Park and is located on the former Hewlett Packard campus. Although the company has been ushering employees but reportedly it is going to take more than six months to shift all the 12,000 employees into the new site (Nwogugu 2015). The Australian Consumer Law regulates the products and services provided by Apple. According to the ACL framework, the customers are entitled to bring defects related to the services or products of a company either at the time of delivery or after the delivery of the goods. The consumers may make complaints regarding the products within a reasonable period from the date of delivery except the reason for failing to bring the compliant within the reasonable period, is apparent and justifying (Schwalbach et al. 2017). The ACL also stipulates that no additional cost is required to incurred when the consumers complains about any defect in their products. However, the consumers complaining about the defect in their products must contact their respective sellers for the same. While purchasing the product the consumers must contact their sellers to know about the repair or replacement options that are available for the goods. In case, the consumers are purchasing goods overseas they must con tact their sellers to know about the available replacement or repair options about their goods. According to the regulatory framework of ACL, apple provides its customers with a one year limited warranty plan. It entitles its customers to complaint about any defects that may arise out of the products after the goods are delivered to the customers. The customers may complain about the products within one year from the date of purchase of the goods. It does not take any additional cost to repair or replace the products. The customers may contact either the Apple telephone technical support or the Apple Retail Store or the Apple authorized service provider. It also facilitates the consumers to mail-in service in the event of repairing or replacing the products. The overseas customers may contact the sellers to know about the replacement or the repairing options about their products. Moreover, although ACL does not include any guideline regarding technical support services over telephone, the company provides the customers to have access to telephonic technical support. The Apple Company have entered into an advance pricing agreement (APA) Australia which purports to resolve any uncertainties surrounding the cross-border transactions, arrangements or agreements between the relevant parties to the agreement. The agreement includes double taxation that allows a taxpayer and the tax authorities to address and decide issues related to international transfer pricing (McClure, Lanis and Govendir 2016). The ATO has been working to sort out the cross-border tax structures and profit shifting that is being done by the multinationals like Apple to reduce the amount the companies contribute in higher-taxing countries like Australia. The governments who have been assisting the the multinationals by providing them with special deals, thus, enabling them to pay less taxes lawfully, are now changing their approaches regarding which nation has the right to tax. Apple has entered into APA agreements with the governments worldwide for decades. The APA agreements has permitted the technology giant to lawfully shift its profits to lower tax jurisdictions in order to avoid local tax payments. However, such deals have been called off and the multinational company is bound to make its tax payments (Ting 2014). The ATO has stated that the tax system in Australia is not in a position to be compared with the tax system of European Union nations, the anti-avoidance laws of the Australian Federal government has been enacted to the defy the erosion of the nations tax base. This rational e behind this decision is that the anti-avoidance laws of the state aims at preventing the multinational companies from using artificial arrangements for the purpose of avoiding the acknowledgment of the profits to a permanent business in the country (Lin et al. 2016). The Australian government passed new legislation in order to prevent the multinational companies from shifting their profits in order to avoid payment of corporate taxes. The international and the national tax system have been attempting to act in pace with the technological developments that have made the global economy highly motivated and enabled by assets and structures that are intangible and highly portable. Since the tax regimes have been developed during a period when most of the tradeable assets were tangible and convenient to locate, various countries have been putting in efforts in their respective tax system in order to account for such assets. The techno giant Apple had to pay $80.3 million in tax where the revenue amounted to only $6 billion, owing to the complicated but legal tax structure, which permitted the techno giant to shift its profits to an Irish subsidiary. The company has stated in its arguments that it acted in full compliance with its local tax obligations. The company argued that despite the adoption of the stringent approach towards the multinationals, the ATO have been granting Apple tax rulings completely in favor of th e company. The company stated that the majority of the companys revenue is derived from the distribution of the finished goods to Australian consumers and businesses. The company purchases the finished goods from its offshore associates at a higher price. It results in profits proportionate with the activities carried out by Apple in Australia. The APA agreement with Apple expired and Apple is willing to enter into a further APA with the ATO. The Australian government relies largely on corporate tax as a result of which the reputation of the company is affected. The ATO stated that APA agreements are entered into in the event where the ATO has a positive working relationship with the company on the basis of full disclosure. Apple further argued that it still persists to have an open relationship with ATO and the company continues to act incompliance with the tax obligation of the country (Devereux 2016). The techno giant argued that since its APA agreement has expired it was willing to renew the agreement. However, the ATO asserted that the APA agreements cannot be moved forward , instead, such agreements must be reviewed on a regular basis in order to ensure that the agreement continues to be appropriate and relevant to the nature of the business that is carried out in Australia (Huesecken and Overesch 2015). Further, another legal framework that governs the consumer rights in Australia have initiated legal action against Apple Inc on the ground that it used a software update to disable iPhones whose cracked scenes are fixed by the third parties. The Australian Consumer Law (ACL) governs the techno giant operating in Australia. Apple has disabled hundreds of smart phones and tablet services with the software update and then the company refused to unlock the same on the ground that the consumers had their products serviced or repaired by non-Apple repairers (Corones 2016). According to the ACL, the consumer guarantee rights exist independently, irrespective of the warranty provided by the manufacturer, therefore, just because the consumers have repaired their products by a third party, the consumer rights under the ACL shall not be extinguished. According to the ACL, Apple has been alleged to be engaged in deceptive or misleading conduct and that it had made deceptive or misleading representations to the consumers regarding its software updates and the rights of the customers to get their products repaired by the company (Corones 2013). The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) had brought legal action against the Techno giant on the ground of deceptive and misleading advertisements and was seeking declarations, injunctions, corrective notices, costs and compliance program orders against the multinational company. Section 18 of the ACCC states that any conduct of any corporation in trade or commerce, which is deceptive or misleading or is likely to be deceptive or misleading is strictly prohibited. According to Section 12 DA of the Australian Securities and Investment Commission Act 2001 also prohibits deceptive or misleading conduct in financial services. These legislations aims at safeguarding the consumers by preventing businesses from misleading the customers and the legal framework is applicable to every situations that is related to or is in the course of trade or commerce in Australia. The legal framework governing the company in Australia has had an impact upon the goods and services provided by the company. The issues related to the consumer protection framework have affected the goods and services of the company largely. Although the company provides a varied range of products, its customers are not satisfied with the fact that if the products are repaired by non-Apple repairers the company is disabling the products and are refusing to restore the same (Julien 2016). The customers are of the opinion that it is always not feasible for them to have access to Apple repairers to have their products repaired. Under such circumstances, they do not expect the company to disable the service. It would certainly amount to deceptiveness or misleading representation and a breach of the provisions laid down by the ACCC and the ACL in Australia. Apple stated that it provides employment to thousands of Australian employees and makes payment of millions of dollars every year in corporate and payroll tax. The company further asserts that although it is not in a position to make any comments on the adequacy of the countrys tax framework, it still puts in efforts to re-examine the international tax policies laid down in the multinational forums and frameworks. Additionally, the operation carried out by the company provides thousands of employment opportunities in Australia in areas like logistics, retail and IT, thus, directly supporting the companys business and endowing the country with an platform for several Australians to market and sell their respective products such as television, music, apps and movies both globally and locally. The taxation systems must bring about certain changes and cope with the changing nature of the economy. Countries like Australia, are mostly dependant on the foreign direct investment therefore, they must coordinate and cooperate both in the local and global forums. In order to prevent the multinational companies from shifting their profits, the countries must come together and deliberate upon the issue (Richardson et al. 2017). The countries may adopt methods including combined reporting, that would require the multinational firms to report about their profit and loss in each country wherein they carry out their business operations. The countries may adopt consolidation of the OECD profit splitting approach. It is logical in a global economy that companies would obviously want to form their business in such a manner that they can take advantage of the beneficial rules in various countries. Similarly, every country would want a competitive corporate tax system in order to draw attention and retain the economic activity. However, the tax system of one country must not cause economic damage to the policies of another country. The legal framework of each country must ensure that the operation of the multinational companies are carried on in compliance with the legal framework of the respective countries. References Cheung, A.S., 2014. Location privacy: The challenges of mobile service devices.Computer Law Security Review,30(1), pp.41-54. Corones, S., 2016. Misleading premium claims.Australian Business Law Review,44(3), pp.188-203. Corones, S.G., 2013.The Australian consumer law. Thomson Reuters, Lawbook Co.. Corones, S.G., 2014.Competition law in Australia. Thomson Reuters Australia, Limited. Devereux, M., 2016. Measuring corporation tax uncertainty across countries: Evidence from a cross-country survey WP 16/13. Huesecken, B. and Overesch, M., 2015. Tax Avoidance through Advance Tax Rulings-Evidence from the LuxLeaks Firms. Julien Jr, R., 2016.The cybersecurity aspects of Apple Pay(Doctoral dissertation, Utica College). Kaye, T.A., 2014. The Offshore Shell Game: US Corporate Tax Avoidance Through Profit Shifting.Chap. L. Rev.,18, p.185. Lin, X., Zheng, H., Tang, X. and Lu, L., 2016. The Research on Transfer Pricing: A Method of Tax Avoidance and Profit Maximization for MultinationalsTaking WR Corporation for Instance.Business and Management Research,5(3), p.p36. McClure, R., Lanis, R. and Govendir, B., 2016. Analysis of Tax Avoidance Strategies of Top Foreign Multinationals Operating in Australia: An Expose. Nwogugu, M.C., 2015. The Case of Apple, Inc., and the SP-500 Companies: Managerial Psychology, Corporate Governance and Business Processes. Payne, B., 2017. Brand Positioning and its Usefulness for Brand Management: the Case of Apple Inc.The University of Newcastle Student Business Journal,1(1), pp.51-57. Richardson, M., Bosua, R., Clark, K., Webb, J., Ahmad, A. and Maynard, S., 2017. Towards responsive regulation of the Internet of Things: Australian perspectives.Internet Policy Review,6(1), pp.2015-2016. Schwalbach, C.A., Yang, S., Heirakuji, R.J.K., Marasco, C.L. and Gorman, M., Apple Inc., 2017.Display stand component. U.S. Patent D777,482. Ting, A., 2014. iTax-Apple's International Tax Structure and the Double Non-Taxation Issue. Williams, M., Seet, S., Lee, J. and Williams, C., 2014. An Australian IP Update.Managing Intell. Prop.,240, p.56.

The Rise of Black British Culture from Black British Music free essay sample

The mixture of pop, ask, and punk had a huge impact on not only blacks in Britain however whites also. Another aspect of the Black British culture Is the rise of the black culture in politics, labor, and education. Like America, blacks In the postwar Brutal were delimitation against and were not welcomed with open arms; however Black British held onto their culture and earned their place in society. Black British music is very influential in Britain to most individuals in society. Through Some Kind of Black written by Adrian Dabbled, the reader can see the influence of music in characters. Reggae, Hip Hop, and Jungle music are three types of Black British music that are very influential in Britain. Black British music contains music from performers Like George Bridgetown to Billy Waters, who was more of a street performer. Black British music is developed by various influences: especially Caribbean influences, it also has been influenced by Black American styles of music like rap. We will write a custom essay sample on The Rise of Black British Culture from Black British Music or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Like most music, Black British music has many influences however it has its own distinctive identity and represents Black British as a whole.Reggae is one very influential type of Black British music. It was developed in Jamaica around the late sass and contains different styles of music Like ask and rocketed. Groups Like Black Roots were very Influential In the eighties and nineties. Reggae contains various instruments from the drums and other percussions, to bass, guitars, keyboards, horns, vocals, etc. Reggae is still very popular today all around the world. Hip Hop is also a very influential factor in the Black British culture, however it represented a new generation of blacks in Britain.This type of music was seen in Some Kind of Black as moving on from the generation of new Immigrants to actually being born In Britain. HIP Hop started In the sass and became very popular In the sass. Most of the hip hop music in Britain was created by men and was seen as very masculine and tough. This type of music definitely impacted the perception on blacks and developed various stereotypes for the Black British society. It portrayed the criminal, gangster blacks in society, which gave society a very harsh and negative outlook on men. Also a lot of this music was concentrated on sex, or drugs.During he post war Britain era, many women were seen as objects or sex symbols and a lot of women at the time. A lot of the rappers, or individuals who were involved with hip hop were always seen with a lot of women, so the individuals who saw them as idols, were impacted by this type of behavior, which didnt help the view of women. With the influences of music, and blacks defining their own blackness identity throughout Britain, the Black British culture has made a lot of progress in society as a whole. Like America, Black British was portrayed as invisible, criminals, and also accompanied lower positions in the labor market.However, today Black British are occupying better paid Jobs, political positions, and incorporation their own identity and culture within the British society. Black British has various aspects of their culture however music is one I find very interesting and very influential to the blacks in Britain. Today, a lot of the Black British music is seen in America, also during the past this type of music impacted individuals in America, so not only is Black British culture influencing Britain, and Europe it also influences America and other countries around the world.

How Homeschooled Students Should Prep for the ACT

How Homeschooled Students Should Prep for the ACT SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Do you receive your education at home or outside the formal setting of a public or private school? If you're a homeschooled student aiming to go to a 4-year college, then you're probably planning to take the ACT (or its equivalent, the SAT). This guide will go over how you can prep for the ACT as a homeschooled student, come up with a solid test plan, and be strategic in your approach to taking this important test. The first step is asking yourself about your strengths and weaknesses as a student. Assess Your Strengths and Weaknesses Is your imagination carried away when you read fiction, but scientific charts and graphs make you feel stuck? Do you love the challenge of word problems, but feel scared of the big blank page when it comes time to write an essay? Maybe you find something interesting in all your subjects, but you struggle to answer questions under strict time limits. Taking the time to honestly assess your strengths and weaknesses as a student will help you prep for the ACT. Rather than studying every section and question type equally, you should focus your energies on those areas where you need the most improvement. If time management is tough for you, for example, then you should learn and try time-saving strategies, along with timing yourself while you take practice tests. Through targeting and drilling your weaknesses, you can enhance your skills, gain confidence, and improve your overall scores. As a homeschooled student, you might be especially aware of your strengths, interests, and challenges as a student. Self-Reflection and ACT Prep Many home educators follow a philosophy of "natural learning" or "autonomous learning" that gives students more independence and input into shaping their learning by following their passions. If this sounds like your experience, then you likely have more practice with cultivating self-awareness than your peers who went through a traditional school system. As mentioned above, students who really improve their ACT scores don't just get to know the test really well, they also get to know themselves really well. Rather than wastingtime repeating what youalready know, you canstrategically approach test prep with a plan to identify and drill yourweak spots. Any areas of difficulty can be improved with training, just like you get better at layups by practicing them or at playing piano by repeatingscales and songs. Distributing your effort where it can make the most difference will make your test prep most effective. Plus you might present an even stronger case to your teacher(s) for adding some ACT prep toyour daily classes or homework assignments. Give Input Into Your Curriculum Do you get any say in what you're learning? If your educators are open to your contributing to the curriculum - which is often the case within home education - perhaps you can incorporate ACTprep into your day. Share your goal of getting into a 4-year college, and articulate how important scoring well on the ACT is to meeting that goal. If you can integrate ACT science, math, English, Reading, and essay questions into your classroom learning, then you can ground your learning in the context of the test and apply your understanding to practice problems. It will be a two-way street where your classroom learning can complement your ACT prep, and vice versa. If you're studying geometry, for instance, find some official ACT practice questions and include them as practice or a test. To practice stating and supporting your point of view in a 5-paragraph essay, bring in ACT essay questions (bonus points if you can time them for 30 minutes). Lee Binz of HomeScholar says it's "helpful to have your teen choose curriculum - ESPECIALLY in their weak areas. As your teens progress, try to engage them in curriculum choosing." This applies to ACT prep as much as any of your learning. Hopefully you can share your post-secondary goals, integrate ACT prep into class and homework, and incorporate more time limits to get used to the strict timing of the ACT. Of course, in order to effectively design a study plan on your own and as part of your curriculum, you must gain a clear understanding of exactly what's on the ACT. Can you give some input into your curriculum? Understand the Content of the ACT What's the difference between the Reading and English section of the ACT? How many math classes should you take to do well on the math section? Is the Science sectionabout straight recall or interpretation of experiment results? How many questions are in each section, anyway? The first step whenpreparing for the ACT should be thoroughly understanding what's on the Reading, English, Math, and Science sections (and don't forget about the essay, if you're taking the ACT Plus Writing!). With all the information on the test out there, you shouldn't have any surprises on test day. After reviewing the content of the test, you should try taking a diagnostic practice test. Official ACT practice tests are best, and you cansimulate testing conditions by sitting in a quiet place and timing each section. Then you can score your test and figure out which areas were easy and which were challenging. Analyzing your mistakes, along with reflecting on your general strengths and weaknesses as I talked about above, will give you a good launchingpoint. Once you know where you're starting and where you'd like to arrive, you can design astudy plan that will take you there. Design a Study Plan It's helpful to know where you're starting out from and the target scores you want to achieve. Apart from integrating test prep into your classes, you'll benefit from putting in the time and effort to study on your own. The following is an estimate of how many hours of prep you should devote in order to improve your composite score. These are rough estimates that could vary depending on your individual learning style and rate of growth. ACT Composite Point Improvement 0-1 points - 10 hours1-2 points - 20 hours2-4 points - 40 hours4-6 points - 80 hours6-9 points - 150 hours+ Before freaking out about the 150 hours+, think about how much time you could accumulate if you start studying early. If you took the ACT in the fall of junior year, the spring of junior year, and again in the fall of senior year, you'd have a whole year to improve from your first test (plus all the studying you did the summer before junior year). Let's think about this year between your first and final ACT test.There are about 48 weeks in 12 months, so studying for just 2 to 3 hours a week already adds up to 96 to 144 hours. If you could set aside just a few hours each week, then you could put in lots of prep time and see a significant score improvement. Plus you probably want to ramp up your study time in the couple of months before your test date. Besides reinforcing the concepts you need to know for the ACT, you also want to learn about and try out strategies to learn which ones work best for you. Get Strategic While you can't know exactly what questions you'll get on test day, you can have a pretty clear idea. Since the ACT is a standardized test given nationwide (and internationally, too), the testmakers must use a similar template for their questions test after test. By really examining the types of math, reading, English, and science questions, you can have a sense of what the questions are getting at and how they are generally reformulations of the same types of questions. Besides looking strategically at the questions, you can use strategies to save time. By glancing over the passage-based questions and skimming the passages for the main points, for instance, you'll save a lot more time than if you did a close read the first time. By using process of elimination on the questions, you can see what "tricks" the ACT is using to distract you from the correct answer. Read about strategies, learn to recognize the common "distractor" answer choices, and utilize the approach that helps you avoid the common pitfalls and save time. Part of this, as I talked about above, is timing yourself as you prep to learn how to work quickly and efficiently. Ready...set...go! Use a Stopwatch Have an iPhone or Android? Use the stopwatch feature to time yourself as you take practice tests. Or kick it old school and use an actual stopwatch, like the shiny one above.Hereis how much time you get foreach section: English: 45 minutesMath: 60 minutesReading: 35 minutesScience: 35 minutesEssay: +30 minutes Taking your time to deeply understand the concepts is fine, but once you are taking practice tests, you should really set the same conditions that you'll experience on test day. If you can't demonstrate your knowledge in a short amount of time, then you unfortunately won't be able to hit the ACT scores you deserve. Studying concepts, applying strategies, and taking practice tests takes sustained focus and effort, and I'm definitely not trying to suggest that studying for the ACT is your only focus in high school. You have other classes, activities, plus the other parts of the college process to think about. But if you really want to perform well on the ACT, then you should make time to improve your scores through studying. So how can you balance ACT prep with everything else? (Hint: the answer is not to cut out sleeping at night.) Strike a Balance with Test Prep and Everything Else That last tip about starting early is really helpful for finding balance and making time for test prep in your busy schedule. Write down a schedule for yourself, and try to make a routine of it (things might come up, but try to keep this routine as regularas possible). If you start early, then you won't be struck with the anxiety of an approaching test date and no time (anxiety gets in the way of focusing and retaining information, too - no fun for anybody). Perhaps you're motivated by the last minute study rush, which is fine. Everyone has different study styles. But withoutlearning about the ACT and taking the diagnostic test, you won't know how much time you need. You won't know what you don't know, if that makes sense. So take the time to figure that out with months or a year to spare, and then design your optimal study plan from there, whether it's spread out equally or staggered to ramp up right before your test. Another important consideration when designing your schedule is what your other commitments are. Are you playing on a varsity sports team junior year? Are you designing an app, or have you convinced your parents to take you on a cross-country road trip in the name of college visits? Figure out what your competing commitments are so you won't find yourself overwhelmed by ACT prep. This mindset will help you find balance with your study plan and when choosing your test dates. Be Thoughtful About Your Test Dates I briefly touched on the typical schedule and prep hours for students. A lot of students take the real ACT for the first time in the fall of junior year, then again in the spring, and then for the final time in the fall of senior year if they still see room for improvement. This gives you three test dates, but you might want more to take the pressure off, get more real test experience, or build your scores up section by section. Plus if you're super busy junior year, then you can move prep ahead and get your test scores all finished and done with well ahead of your college deadlines. Even if you haven't studied some concepts extensively in school yet, like geometry or trigonometry, you can reinforce what you do know and get a headstart on new concepts.There are a lot of considerations when choosing your test dates, and by being thoughtful about each one you can devise a schedule customized to you. To keep all this straight, I can't emphasize enough the importance of writing everything down. Not you! Keep Track of Everything As a homeschooled student, you might nothave the same college-bound peer group or guidance counselors to be by your side and keep you updatedthroughout the college process (though you can make an appointment with a counselor at your local high school). That's why you might have some extra responsibilities when it comes to keeping track of your test dates, prep, deadlines, and application materials. Make sure you research your colleges' policies about standardized testing, expectations for scores, and any ACT-based scholarships they offer. Create a system of organization, whether you use binders or online tools like Google Calendar and Google Docs, to write everything down, create and stick to your schedule, and remember all those passwords you'll be creating for sites like the ACT and The Common Application. As a homeschooled student, you've probably developed a great deal of independence in your learning and organization, and you can draw on this strength as you work towards your post-high school goals. Not only will this help you geta strong ACT score and admission to your dream school, but these skills will help you be a successful and self-directed college student capable of achieving great things. What's Next? The best ACT practice questions come straight from the testmakers. Download official ACT practice tests with questions from previously administered tests here. Are you not sure when you should sign up for your first ACT? Should you take one just for the experience, or wait until you've put in some serious studying? Learn when to take your first official ACT here. Wondering what kind of science you need to study for the ACT Science section? Read about the only actual science you need to know(and how this section is more like the Reading section than you might think). Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points?We have the industry's leading ACT prep program. Built by Harvard grads and ACT full scorers, the program learns your strengths and weaknesses through advanced statistics, then customizes your prep program to you so you get the most effective prep possible. Check out our 5-day free trial today:

john Lennons imagine essays

john Lennons imagine essays John Lennons song Imagine is by all means a classic which will endure in the hearts of many, as long as it is still around. With that in mind, I believe that it should live on by being placed in the UTD time capsule. It has many aspects that make it the ideal song for such a project, from its musical quality, to its imperative message of peace. Lennons melodic style conveys a poignant innocence, which complements the theme of the song perfectly. The music stays simple and seems to grasp the lyrics without a seam. It is the type of song that will appeal to almost anyone who hears it because of its rythmic, almost hypnotic sound. I dont know what the music of the future will sound like, but I believe a song like this is one that can be enjoyed by all generations to come. It isnt the music of our generation today; not rock with heavy distortion, or rap with deafening bass, nor is it the synthesised RnB many of us choose to listen to. It is the type of song that touches a persons heart, the kind of music we listen to because we can feel it. This selection is a more instrumental rock that is set apart from all other genres, deserving of the reverance received in the decades past, and for those to come. This song is trully a tribute to great music, and has been likened to the twentieth centuries answer to Beethovens Moonlight Sonata and Bachs Fantasia. In that regard, this song is seen as one the greatest songs of our century, and isnt that the type of musical merit we should consider when selecting the one song to represent us in the capsule? The song itself is asking that we see the world consciously, and dont just coast by on what others have established as right. It wants you to invoke thought upon life as your own person to decide what it is you believe in. The idea of this song is one that coul...

Safety Not Guaranteed Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Safety Not Guaranteed - Movie Review Example However, a short description of the film will not do justice to it. The film starts when some unfamiliar classified ad on television inspires 3 cynical Seattle magazine employees and creates the urge to search for the story behind it. A furtive weird character named Kenneth along with a pleasant however suspicious supermarket clerk who is quite affirmative regarding the mystery of time travel and that he has found its solution. All these characters go on a journey which is entertaining, smart, and unexpectedly profound, revealing the understanding of how far believing can take you. However, the process of interpersonal communication between the characters resulted in different kinds of conflicts and relationships in the film. The development of friendship, the development of romantic relationships-commitment, and managing the conflicts. This paper will discuss these development concepts in reference with ‘Safety Not Guaranteed’ characters and their interpersonal communic ation. Interpersonal communication has been the basis of every film that has been produced so far (however, exceptions are always there). The plot of this film is so designed that all the characters are unfamiliar to each other does not each other. However, for one commitment which is to identify who placed the ad, all of them goes on journey and somehow become friends. Jeff, Darius, and Arnau who intends to investigate the ad and the person behind it starts to know each other. Once they find the person who placed the ad (Kenneth) Darius felt something for Kenneth and started liking him. However, this development of romantic relationship was revealed when she broke the news about the death of her mother when she was a kid (Holden, 2012). However, Kenneth wanted to back into 2001 so that he can prevent the death of his then-girlfriend who died off a car accident. This obviously had have disturbed Darius. However, Darius very efficiently managed the conflict between her and Kenneth wh en he ran into the woods at the end of the movie towards his time travelling machine which was an airboat. She clears herself out and was able to convince him that everything else was true and she liked him. Kenneth along with Darius and the airboat suddenly vanishes from the spot. However, the implementation of interpersonal development has been showcased in the film quite often; when Darius was interviewed by the government agents who thought that she might be a spy as she interviewed the government scientists (Holden, 2012). The process of interpersonal communication and its development has been very efficiently placed and implemented in this film, in my opinion. The characters were so designed and placed that they all demonstrated a well-organized setting of interpersonal communication in a series of different situations. The examples which I have quoted above, all fits in the requirements of efficient and effective interpersonal. According to the class text and a general unders tanding of interpersonal relationships in developing friendship usually involves the first step of role limited interaction with small talk information. The friendly relations are then formed if individuals find common interests. This then develops into friendship with a little self-disclosure of oneself. Similarly, all the three characters that had been exampled in this paper fits on this theory. They all were strangers and did not know each other until one common project (to find

Equal Time Rule Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Equal Time Rule - Essay Example Discrimination on the basis of casts and sects has an overwhelming influence on the projection of events; for instance Republicans  were not at all bothered when episodes of  Law and Order  featuring Fred Thompson were run by cable networks, nor did other candidates ask for extra time after there was a parade of candidate appearances on Saturday Night Live. But a Trump declaration of a candidacy on  The  Apprentice had an immense impact (Podlas. 2009). The loosened government  Ã‚  restrictions on media ownership, and the Telecommunications Act 1996 passed by Congress  Ã‚  which allows companies to own even more media outlets  facilitates a candidate to receive more coverage than others. This media consolidation  has given birth to broadcasting monopolization allowing candidates and parties to receive more coverage than others.  Most of the nation’s newspapers are owned by the Hearst, Knight Ridder, and Gannett corporations, whereas many radio stations are possessed by Clear Channel Communications. The Walt Disney Corporation along with the Disney Channel and Viacom owns CBS, MTV, ABC and ESPN. Media consolidation limits consumers’ choices and eliminates the competitiveness due to restricted or manipulated news coverage by corporate owners. Kimberlianne Podlas. 2009. "â€Å"I’m a Politician, But I Don’t Play One on TV†: Applying the â€Å"Equal Time† Rule (Equally) to Actors-Turned-Candidates" retrieved on November 7’ 2011, retrieved from:

Lord Of The Flies - Primitive :: essays research papers

"He looked in astonishment, no longer at himself but at an awesome stranger†¦ He began to dance and his laughter became a bloodthirsty snarling†¦ The face of red and white and black swung through the air†¦" In the novel Lord of the Flies, an account of primitive religion is evident in the behavior of the hunting party. Initially, we will explore chant and uniform action and it’s spiritual effects on the human mind and soul. Secondly, it will be discussed how primitive peoples gain satisfaction from conducting the act of sacrifice. Moreover, this research will go into depth about the transformation into a higher being and development of a new identity through ritualistic actions. Finally, primitive society’s emphasis on fear-provoking, irrational behavior in comparison to modern society’s insistence on rationality will be addressed. In a primitive society, chanting is designed to provide a group with benefits such as the acquiring of material possessions, health, and monopoly over one’s personal circumstances or those of another person. This ritual is performed until one feels satisfied, and/or has been led into spiritual contact with another realm. Another purpose of the chant is for one to feel a powerful being emerge within one’s soul, resulting in a god-like sensation for a short amount of time. In the novel, one can perceive that the hunting party’s vigorous chant ("Kill the beast! Spill her blood!") is one of their final retrogressions into savagery. Its repetitious, invigorating verse elates them, and when the procession finally ends, they behave in a trance-like, mystified demeanor. They begin speaking immediately in excited tones, feeling amazed at the feat they had accomplished. It is written that "the boys chattered and danced", obviously enthralled with their victory. It would be wise to conclude that the boys have derived a sense of power through performing the chant, and they are satisfied with their newfound strength and uniformity. For Jack, chanting is another means of manipulating others. Like one of its benefits to primitive cultures, the chant awards him ultimate control over his entire group. The ritual of the sacrifice is a fundamental element of primitive culture. Primarily, blood sacrifice of an animal is the usual means of atonement for a primitive group. Other reasons behind this sacred ritual were to bow down to power, or to declare one’s adoration of a god or deity. The ideas behind the gift sacrifice, which existed in the early formation of religion, were thanksgiving and redemption.

Mrs. Macteer and Mrs. Breedlove Essay

Parental guidance and support are key components of the foundation of a child’s growth and development. Without either, a child cannot grow and develop properly. In her novel The Bluest Eye, Toni Morrison examines the effect of different mothers on their respective children through the characters of Mrs. MacTeer and Mrs. Breedlove. Throughout the novel, both characters express their thoughts and feelings through words, with Mrs. MacTeer having a few fussy soliloquies and Mrs. Breedlove having a few interior monologues to get their points across. Although Mrs. MacTeer and Mrs. Breedlove are two entirely different individuals, their respective fussy soliloquies and interior monologues greatly reflect one another. Giving to charity doesn’t always equate to getting something in return. In The Bluest Eye, Mrs. MacTeer takes in Pecola Breedlove for a bit. While Pecola is staying with the MacTeer family, she grows fixated with a Shirley Temple glass, using it every chance that she can. Subsequently, she ends up drinking a lot of the milk that Mrs. MacTeer has for the entire family. Mrs. MacTeer is not thrilled with this, as she rants, â€Å"Three quarts of milk. That’s what was in that icebox yesterday. Three whole quarts. Now they ain’t none. Not a drop. I don’t mind folks coming in and getting what they want, but three quarts of milk! What the devil does anybody need with three quarts of milk? † (Morrison 23). Initially, Mrs. MacTeer’s soliloquy seems reasonable. It seems as though she is simple a mother frustrated with the fact that her milk has been drank up and potentially wasted. However, there are hidden connotations in her speech. By rationalizing her own life situations through her fussing soliloquies and then singing, Mrs. MacTeer manages to isolate her children. They, particularly Claudia, view her singing as a demonstration of the pleasure Mrs. MacTeer takes in insulting others through her soliloquy. As Christine Spies writes in Vernacular Traditions: The Use of Music in the Novels of Toni Morrison, â€Å"the way in which the singing is described, the cathartic quality of the music becomes obvious, as for Mrs. MacTeer singing constitutes a cleansing ritual and establishes a validation of her self† (Spies 13). It is suggested that Mrs. MacTeer is unhappy with her everyday life, as well as with herself. She utilizes the soliloquies to rip apart others, a concept that is detrimental to those she fusses about, yet therapeutic to herself. Once she is satisfied with the degree in which she has ranted and raved, she begins to sing. Her songs are representative of the cleansing of herself through her rants and rambles, as well as a demonstration of her satisfaction and happiness with putting down others. Pauline Breedlove, Pecola’s mother, is fond of reflecting on the better days of her life. Oftentimes throughout The Bluest Eye, Mrs. Breedlove is found reminiscing on the days of her past, when she was a younger woman. In particular, at one point in the novel, Mrs. Breedlove reflects upon a time in which she was pregnant with her oldest child, Sammy. During this time in her life, she enjoyed going to the cinema by herself during the day. She would look at magazines and style her hair like the movie stars. To her, going to the cinema and admiring the glorious movie stars was an escape from her marriage and life with Cholly. For the length of the film, she could disappear into the movie and be amongst the stars. At one point, Mrs. Breedlove attended a film and her fantasies of blending in with the stars unraveled in front of her very eyes. She took a bite of a piece of candy, and one of her front teeth was pulled out by it, instantly altering her appearance forever. She reflected, â€Å"There I was, five months pregnant, trying to look like Jean Harlow, and a front tooth gone. Everything went then. Look like I just didn’t care no more after that. I let my hair go back, plaited it up, and settled down to just being ugly† (Morrison 123). Mrs. Breedlove tried to escape from the unhappiness of her own life by going to the cinema, and instead, the cinema caused her even more unhappiness. She simply gave up on ever feeling glamorous or happy, something that is only fueled by the growing unhappiness of her marriage. As she stated, â€Å"Cholly poked fun at me, and we started fighting again†¦He begin to make me madder than anything I knowed† (Morrison 123). As much as she tried, Mrs. Breedlove could no longer escape her unhappiness. It was simply escalated by the cinema. From the very beginning of Pecola’s life, her mother ingrains in her the idea that she is ugly—a concept that Mrs. Breedlove herself is viewed as due to her missing front tooth and her skin color. After her birth, she refers to Pecola as being â€Å"a right smart baby† but â€Å"a cross between a puppy and a dying man. But I knowed she was ugly. Head full of pretty hair, but Lord she was ugly† (Morrison 126). Mrs. Breedlove acknowledges that Pecola is a smart girl, but doesn’t view it as an impressive quality. Instead, she focuses on the fact that her daughter is unattractive. As Spies mentions, â€Å"even by her own mother, Pecola has been denied the slightest notion of being valuable or worthy of love† (Spies 15). By denying value and love to her daughter, Mrs. Breedlove is instilling in Pecola the same self-hatred that Cholly and society has instilled in herself. Mrs. Breedlove’s unhappiness is unquestionably the reason for Pecola’s own dissatisfaction and unhappiness. Although Mrs. MacTeer and Mrs. Breedlove are two entirely different individuals, their thoughts are eerily reminiscent of each other. Both complain about others, specifically complaining about Pecola. Mrs. MacTeer is frustrated with Pecola drinking up the milk, whereas Mrs. Breedlove is frustrated by her lack of beauty. Both women try to come off as â€Å"better† individuals than they actually are. Mrs. MacTeer rambles about Pecola and suggests that she is of a lower, varmint-like class. Mrs. Breedlove goes on about Pecola’s ugliness, when, in fact, she is not only perceived as but admittedly ugly herself. Both women are unsatisfied with their lives and places in society. They both wish to be glorious and of higher class, yet they cannot achieve these respect places due to outside factors—Mrs. MacTeer is a middle class woman, and Mrs. Breedlove is â€Å"ugly† and black. Both women enjoy prattling about their misfortunes and the misfortunes of others, yet they do so in entirely different ways. Contrarily, Mrs. Breedlove expresses herself silently through inner monologue. She is a soundless voice in society. Not only is she a black female, but she is poor and ugly as well. She could voice her opinions out loud, but she feels it is not worth it. Society rarely recognizes her presence, and when it does, it is quickly forgotten. When Mrs. Breedlove reflected on the birth of Pecola, she recalled being the only black woman in the maternity ward of the hospital. A doctor walked by to check on her with a team of residents who were learning how to be doctors, and he said that black women deliver babies like horses, quickly with no pain. Mrs. Breedlove recalls, â€Å"They never said nothing to me. Only one looked at me. Looked at my face, I mean. I looked right back at him. He dropped his eyes and turned red† (Morrison 125). The resident who looked at her is embarrassed to have acknowledged her, and he immediately tries to erase this moment of connection from existence. She is an isolated, lower class of her own in society due to not only the oppression of her individuality as a poor, ugly black woman and the reaction of society to her identities, but because she is also oppressed by her husband, Cholly. Although it is clear throughout the novel that Mrs. Breedlove fights back when it comes to arguments with her husband, she is not given a voice to do so. As Gibson states, â€Å"whatever authority Cholly possesses accrues not because it comes to him by nature, or because he is male, but because Morrison chooses to give it to him. She grants this black male a voice† (Gibson 169). Morrison does not allow Mrs. Breedlove to have a voice; rather, she allows Cholly to have one to further exploit the weaknesses and state of despair of his wife. She cannot voice her opinions out loud because she is not given the means to do so. Like Mrs. MacTeer, Mrs. Breedlove has an invisible audience. However, her audience is literally invisible—nobody listens to her thoughts but herself. She is not given a voice in society, so she feels she cannot do anything. To her, it is not worth it to try to express her thoughts to anyone but herself. By keeping to herself, she is only trapped in her unhappiness further. Undoubtedly, the thoughts and opinions of Mrs. MacTeer and Mrs. Breedlove in Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eye are essential to demonstrating the messages of societal oppression within the novel. Both women exhibit the concept of members of society being oppressed due to factors they cannot change, such as gender, level of wealth, race, beauty, or even lost dreams. Mrs. MacTeer’s fussing soliloquies reach out to an invisible audience of her children and Pecola, explicitly discussing her unhappiness with her own role in society, as well as the hierarchical roles in society and her daily life. Additionally, Mrs. Breedlove’s silent interior monologues allow readers to see the result of silence within society. Her monologues also allow readers to see the effect of giving up on one’s own happiness and dreams in life. Together, the voices of Mrs. MacTeer and Mrs. Breedlove inevitably come together to convey the effect of societal oppression within the novel. Without their respective fussing soliloquies and interior monologues, the meaning of the novel would be lost within the pages. The thoughts and opinions of Mrs. MacTeer and Mrs.

Internet banking Essay

Internet is rapidly turning out to be a tool of world wide communication. The increasing use of Internet earlier promoted producers and entrepreneurs to sell their products online. It has also become an important source of information and knowledge. Due to this, many banking and finance organizations have come up with the idea of Internet banking or online banking. What is Internet Banking Internet banking can be defined as a facility provided by banking and financial institutions, that enable the user to execute bank related transactions through Internet. The biggest advantage of Internet banking is that people can expend the services sitting at home, to transact business. Due to which, the account holder does not have to personally visit the bank. With the help of Internet banking many transactions can be executed by the account holder. When small transactions like balance inquiry, record of recent transaction, etc. are to be processed, the Internet banking facility proves to be very handy. The concept of Internet banking has thus become a revolution in the field of banking and finance. Brief History of Internet Banking The concept of Internet banking has been simultaneously evolving with the development of the world wide web. Programmers working on banking data bases came up with ideas for online banking transactions, some time during the 1980s. The creative process of development of these services were probably sparked off after many companies started the concept of online shopping. The online shopping promoted the use of credit cards through Internet. Many banking organizations had already started creating data ware housing facilities to ease their working staffs. The development of these databases were widely used during the development of ATM’s. Sometime in 1980s, banking and finance organizations in Europe and United States started suggestive researches and programming experiments on the concept of ‘home banking’. Initially in the 80’s when computers and Internet were not so well-developed, ‘home banking’ basically made use of fax machines and telephones to facilitate their customers. The widespread of Internet and programming facilities created further opportunities for development of home banking. In 1983, the Nottingham Building Society, commonly abbreviated and referred to as the NBS, launched the first Internet banking service in United Kingdom. This service formed the basis for most of the Internet banking facilities that followed. This facility was not very well-developed and restricted the number of transactions and functions that account holders could execute. The facility introduced by Nottingham Building Society is said to have been derived from a system known as Prestel, that is deployed by the postal service department of United Kingdom. The first online banking service in United States was introduced, in October 1994. The service was developed by Stanford Federal Credit Union, which is a financial institution. The online banking services are becoming more and more prevalent due to the well-developed systems. Though there are pros and cons of electronic cash, it has become a revolution that is enhancing the banking sector. Read more at Buzzle: http://www.buzzle.com/articles/history-of-internet-banking.html

The Rhetorical Common Sense essays

The Rhetorical Common Sense essays In January of 1776, Thomas Paine wrote Common Sense with the intention of convincing American colonist to establish independence from Britain. Its apparent from the style of his pamphlet that he wanted to convince the masses in a fashion which would make them come to the conclusion that, without a doubt, Thomas Paine must be right. This rhetorical form of writing is evident throughout his pamphlet and obviously present in the title. By titling his pamphlet Common Sense, he was stating to all his readers, that it wasnt necessary for him to explain why the colonies should separate from America. It was common sense that independence was inevitable. Paines Common Sense was a pamphlet that spoke to all types of people and groups that read it. He spoke to the merchants, the loyalist, the religious separatist, and all other who may have seemed skeptical of supporting a war against Britain. As he wrote, he knew his job was to make his ideas and major points simple. He also need to phrase them in ways that made people think there could be no other way to see things. He starts by breaking down the institution of government. He states that society is what is good in man while government is what is evil. Society in every state is a blessing, but government in its best is but a necessary evil; in its worst state an intolerable on. However, the first pages of his pamphlet did not directly connected the colonies to his ideas on society and government. He uses a parable to show the evolution of society. This is an extremely important form because, for the reader, by the time they have read a few pages and reached his connection to colonies, they are already engulfed in the idea of the reality in Paines words. How can they not concluded that with such an evolution of society that Paine described in his parable, the distance of Britain and America would soon be to much for the growing co...

1996 Mount Everest Disaster - Death on Top of the World

1996 Mount Everest Disaster - Death on Top of the World On May 10, 1996, a ferocious storm descended upon the Himalayas, creating perilous conditions on Mount Everest, and stranding 17 climbers high upon the tallest mountain in the world. By the following day, the storm had claimed the lives of eight climbers, making it- at the time- the greatest loss of life in a single day in the history of the mountain. While climbing Mount Everest is inherently risky, several factors (aside from the storm) contributed to the tragic outcome- crowded conditions, inexperienced climbers, numerous delays, and a series of bad decisions. Big Business on Mount Everest Following the first summit of Mount Everest by Sir Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay in 1953, the feat of climbing the 29,028-foot peak had for decades been limited to only the most elite climbers. By 1996, however, climbing Mount Everest had evolved into a multi-million dollar industry. Several mountaineering companies had established themselves as the means by which even amateur climbers could summit Everest. Fees for a guided climb ranged from $30,000 to $65,000 per customer. The window of opportunity for climbing in the Himalayas is a narrow one. For just a few weeks- between late April and late May- the weather is typically milder than usual, allowing climbers to ascend. In the spring of 1996, multiple teams were gearing up for the climb. The vast majority of them approached from the Nepalese side of the mountain; only two expeditions ascended from the Tibetan side. Gradual Ascent There are many dangers involved in ascending Everest too rapidly. For that reason, expeditions take weeks to ascend, allowing climbers to gradually acclimatize to the changing atmosphere. Medical problems that could develop at high altitudes include severe altitude sickness, frostbite, and hypothermia. Other serious effects include hypoxia (low oxygen, leading to poor coordination and impaired judgment), HAPE (high-altitude pulmonary edema, or fluid in the lungs) and HACE (high-altitude cerebral edema, or swelling of the brain). The latter two can prove especially deadly. In late March 1996, groups assembled in Kathmandu, Nepal, and opted to take a transport helicopter to Lukla, a village located about 38 miles from Base Camp. Trekkers then made a 10-day hike to Base Camp (17,585 feet), where they would stay a few weeks adjusting to the altitude. Two of the largest guided groups that year were Adventure Consultants (led by New Zealander Rob Hall and fellow guides Mike Groom and Andy Harris) and Mountain Madness (led by American Scott Fischer, assisted by guides Anatoli Boukreev and Neal Beidleman). Halls group included seven climbing Sherpas and eight clients. Fischers group comprised eight climbing Sherpas and seven clients. (The Sherpa, natives of eastern Nepal, are accustomed to the high altitude; many make their living as support staff for climbing expeditions.) Another American group, helmed by filmmaker and renowned climber David Breashears, was on Everest to make an IMAX film. Several other groups came from around the globe, including Taiwan, South Africa, Sweden, Norway, and Montenegro. Two other groups (from India and Japan) climbed from the Tibetan side of the mountain. Up to the Death Zone Climbers began the acclimatization process in mid-April, taking increasingly longer sorties to higher elevations, then returning to Base Camp. Eventually, over a period of four weeks, the climbers made their way up the mountain- first, past the Khumbu Icefall to Camp 1 at 19,500 feet, then up the Western Cwm to Camp 2 at 21,300 feet. (Cwm, pronounced coom, is the Welsh word for valley.) Camp 3, at 24,000 feet, was adjacent to the Lhotse Face, a sheer wall of glacial ice. On May 9, the scheduled day for the ascent to Camp 4 (the highest camp, at 26,000 feet), the expeditions first victim met his fate. Chen Yu-Nan, a member of the Taiwanese team, committed a fatal error when he exited his tent in the morning without having strapped on his crampons (spikes attached to boots for climbing on ice). He slipped down the Lhotse Face into a crevasse. Sherpas were able to pull him up by rope, but he died of internal injuries later that day. The trek up the mountain continued. Climbing upward to Camp 4, all but only a handful of elite climbers required the use of oxygen to survive. The area from Camp 4 up to the summit is known as the Death Zone because of the dangerous effects of the extremely high altitude. Atmospheric oxygen levels are only one-third of those at sea level. Trek to the Summit Begins Climbers from various expeditions arrived at Camp 4 throughout the day. Later that afternoon, a serious storm blew in. Leaders of the groups feared that they would not be able to climb that night as planned. After hours of gale-force winds, the weather cleared at 7:30 p.m. The climb would go on as planned. Wearing headlamps and breathing bottled oxygen, 33 climbers- including Adventure Consultants and Mountain Madness team members, along with a small Taiwanese team- left at about midnight that night. Each client carried two spare bottles of oxygen, but would run out at about 5Â  p.m., and would, therefore, need to descend as quickly as possible once they had summitted. Speed was of the essence. But that speed would be hampered by several unfortunate missteps. Leaders of the two main expeditions had supposedly ordered Sherpas to go ahead of the climbers and install lines of rope along the most difficult areas in the upper mountain in order to avoid a slowdown during the ascent. For some reason, this crucial task was never carried out. Summit Slowdowns The first bottleneck occurred at 28,000 feet, where setting up the ropes took nearly an hour. Adding to the delays, many climbers were very slow due to inexperience. By late morning, some climbers waiting in the queue began to worry about getting to the summit in time to descend safely before nightfall- and before their oxygen ran out. A second bottleneck occurred on the South Summit, at 28,710 feet. This delayed forward progress by another hour. Expedition leaders had set a 2Â  p.m. turn-around time- the point at which climbers must turn around even if they had not reached the summit. At 11:30 a.m., three men on Rob Halls team turned around and headed back down the mountain, realizing they might not make it in time. They were among the few who made the right decision that day. The first group of climbers made it up the famously difficult Hillary Step to reach the summit at about 1:00 p.m. After a brief celebration, it was time to turn around and complete the second half of their laborious trek. They still needed to get back down to the relative safety of Camp 4. As the minutes ticked by, oxygen supplies began to dwindle. Deadly Decisions Up at the top of the mountain, some climbers had been summiting well after 2:00 p.m. Mountain Madness leader Scott Fischer did not enforce the turn-around time, allowing his clients to stay on the summit past 3:00. Fischer himself was summiting just as his clients were coming down. Despite the late hour, he continued up. No one questioned him because he was the leader and an experienced Everest climber. Later, people would comment that Fischer had looked very ill. Fischers assistant guide, Anatoli Boukreev, had inexplicably summited early on, and then descended to Camp 4 by himself, instead of waiting to assist clients. Rob Hall also ignored the turn-around time, staying behind with client Doug Hansen, who was having trouble moving up the mountain. Hansen had tried to summit the previous year and failed, which is probably why Hall made such an effort to help him up despite the late hour. Hall and Hansen did not summit until 4:00 p.m., however, far too late to have stayed on the mountain. It was a serious lapse in judgment on Halls part- one which would cost both men their lives. By 3:30 p.m. ominous clouds had appeared and snow began to fall, covering up tracks that descending climbers needed as a guide to find their way down. By 6:00 p.m., the storm had become a blizzard with gale-force winds, while many climbers were still trying to make their way down the mountain. Caught in the Storm As the storm raged on, 17 people were caught on the mountain, a perilous position to be in after dark, but especially so during a storm with high winds, zero visibility, and a wind chill of 70 below zero. Climbers were also running out of oxygen. A group accompanied by guides Beidleman and Groom headed down the mountain, including climbers Yasuko Namba, Sandy Pittman, Charlotte Fox, Lene Gammelgaard, Martin Adams, and Klev Schoening. They encountered Rob Halls client Beck Weathers on their way down. Weathers was stranded at 27,000 feet after being stricken by temporary blindness, which had prevented him from summitting. He joined the group. After a very slow and difficult descent, the group came within 200 vertical feet of Camp 4, but the driving wind and snow made it impossible to see where they were going. They huddled together to wait out the storm. At midnight, the sky cleared briefly, allowing guides to catch sight of the camp. The group headed off toward camp, but four were too incapacitated to move- Weathers, Namba, Pittman, and Fox. The others made it back and sent help for the four stranded climbers. Mountain Madness guide Anatoli Boukreev was able to help Fox and Pittman back to camp, but could not manage the nearly comatose Weathers and Namba, especially in the middle of a storm. They were deemed beyond help and were therefore left behind. Death on the Mountain Still stranded high on the mountain were Rob Hall and Doug Hansen at the top of the Hillary Step near the summit. Hansen was unable to go on; Hall tried to bring him down. During their unsuccessful attempt to descend, Hall looked away for just a moment and when he looked back, Hansen was gone. (Hansen had likely fallen over the edge.) Hall maintained radio contact with Base Camp through the night and even spoke with his pregnant wife, who was patched through from New Zealand by satellite phone. Guide Andy Harris, who was caught in the storm at the South Summit, had a radio and was able to hear Halls transmissions. Harris is believed to have gone up to bring oxygen to Rob Hall. But Harris also disappeared; his body was never found. Expedition leader Scott Fischer and climber Makalu Gau (leader of the Taiwanese team that included the late Chen Yu-Nan) were found together at 1200 feet above Camp 4 on the morning of May 11. Fisher was unresponsive and barely breathing. Certain that Fischer was beyond hope, the Sherpas left him there. Boukreev, Fischers lead guide, climbed up to Fischer shortly thereafter but found he had already died. Gau, although severely frostbitten, was able to walk- with much assistance- and was guided down by Sherpas. Would-be rescuers had attempted to reach Hall on May 11 but were turned back by severe weather. Twelve days later, Rob Halls body would be found at the South Summit by Breashears and the IMAX team. Survivor Beck Weathers Beck Weathers, left for dead, somehow survived the night. (His companion, Namba, did not.) After being unconscious for hours, Weathers miraculously awoke late on the afternoon of May 11 and staggered back to the camp. His shocked fellow climbers warmed him up and gave him fluids, but he had suffered severe frostbite on his hands, feet, and face, and appeared to be near death. (In fact, his wife had been notified earlier that he had died during the night.) The next morning, Weathers companions almost left him for dead again when they departed camp, thinking he had died during the night. He awoke just in time and called out for help. Weathers was assisted by the IMAX group down to Camp 2, where he and Gau were flown out in a very daring and dangerous helicopter rescue at 19,860 feet. Shockingly, both men survived, but frostbite took its toll. Gau lost his fingers, nose, and both feet; Weathers lost his nose, all of the fingers on his left hand and his right arm below the elbow. Everest Death Toll The leaders of the two main expeditions- Rob Hall and Scott Fischer- both died on the mountain. Halls guide Andy Harris and two of their clients, Doug Hansen and Yasuko Namba, also perished. On the Tibetan side of the mountain, three Indian climbers- Tsewang Smanla, Tsewang Paljor, and Dorje Morup- had died during the storm, bringing the total of deaths that day to eight, the record number of deaths in one day. Unfortunately, since then, that record has been broken. An avalanche on April 18, 2014, took the lives of 16 Sherpas. A year later, an earthquake in Nepal on April 25, 2015, caused an avalanche that killed 22 people at Base Camp. To date, more than 250 people have lost their lives on Mount Everest. Most of the bodies remain on the mountain. Several books and films have come out of the Everest disaster, including bestseller Into Thin Air by Jon Krakauer (a journalist and a member of Halls expedition) and two documentaries made by David Breashears. A feature film, Everest, was also released in 2015.

Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 - Essay Example Public companies are demanded to set internal control structures to guarantee the quality and accuracy of financial reports in order to enable investors make informed decisions on which investments decisions they should undertake. Public companies are therefore needed to have independent board of directors to provide oversight and develop and assess internal controls systems. Secondly, the act has stipulated the standards and manner in which auditors should carry their mandate by ensuring that their independence is not impaired and that members of the audit engagements do not have conflict of interests (Pain & Karmakar, 2007). It further restricted audit firms from providing non audit services that are likely to interfere with their objectivity. In addition, the act has placed the responsibility of ensuring accurate and complete financial reports on senior management. The act specifies the responsibility of senior management on the validity and accuracy of the financial reports and outlines the interaction between board audit committees and the external auditors. Moreover, Sarbanes Oxley highlights the enhanced financial disclosure requirements for the financial results (Pain & Karmakar, 2007). Public companies are required to disclose off balance sheet transactions and beef their reporting. Significant changes in the assumptions and conditions should further be disclosed. Likewise, the act mandates security analysts, directors and auditors to declare their conflict of interest before accepting to provide financial services to public companies. Equally stipulated in the act are the penalties preferred for destruction, manipulation and alteration of financial records with an objective of misleading the public in order to make financial gains. It recommends sentencing and incorporates failure to certify financial reports as an

Analysis of a Bankruptcy for a Firm Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Analysis of a Bankruptcy for a Firm - Essay Example As a result of this, it becomes imperative to predict if any firm has chances of going bankrupt. Accurate forecasting of bankruptcy enables a firm to take corrective actions, and thereby reducing losses, and possibly even prevent bankruptcy. Hence, bankruptcy prediction is a topic of great interest and attracting a lot of research. There are two kinds of bankruptcy prediction models, generally found in the literature. The first is the accounting based models, which include logistic regression models. The second category is the market-based model, which include Merton Models. Fitzpatrick (1931) used the approach of using ratio analysis to compare bankrupt and successful firms. His univariate model of using 13 ratios to indicate failure was first attempt of such kind to predict industry failures. However, no significant relationship could be established between the model and failure. The work done by Beaver (1966) is considered as the first pioneering work in the field of bankruptcy prediction. He proposed that the firm can be seen as a â€Å"reservoir of liquid assets, which is supplied by inflows and drained by outflows. (†¦) The solvency of the firm can be defined in terms of the probability that the reservoir will be exhausted, at which point, the firm will be unable to pay its obligations as they mature†. Beaver used 30 ratios to develop a univariate model. These ratios were applied to 158 companies, half of them as bankrupt and the other half as successful firms. The finest ratios were the â€Å"working capital funds flow/ total assets†, and â€Å"net income/ total assets†. These ratios correctly identified 90%, and 88% of the cases. This study was followed by Altman’s model (1968, 1983). He applied multiple discriminant analysis to 33 pairs of bankrupt and successful firms. He proposed that bankruptcy could be explained by using a combination of 5 financial ratios.  Ã‚  

Research about the Radiation Safety Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Research about the Radiation Safety - Essay Example This paper aims at discussing radiation and its safety, how radiation can be measured, how it affects the lives of human beings and how these negative effects can be reduced. Radiation is majorly categorized into either non-ionizing or ionizing radiation. This classification is done in accordance to whether the radiation ionizes or does not ionize common compound matter. A radiation that ionizes ordinary chemical matter is referred to as ionizing radiation while that that does not cause ionization to chemical matter is known as non-ionizing radiation. The term radiation is under various circumstances used in referring to ionizing radiations. The most common forms of ionizing radiation are X-rays and gamma rays (Gale and Lax 123). However, radiation might also be used in referring to non-ionizing radiations such as microwaves, radio waves, heat, or visible light. During radiation, wave radiate or particles travel away from the source in every direction. This characteristic enables a t echnique of physical units and measurements applicable in both ionizing and non-ionizing radiations (Pettigrew 98). Both forms of radiation’s power trail an inverse-square law that relates to its source’s distance. This is because of the fact that both types of radiation tend to expand as they travel through space. This law only applies when the radiation is travelling in a vacuum. Radiation with the required high energy has the capability of knocking electrons off atoms thus creating ions. As much as both types of radiations can be dangerous to living organisms, ionizing radiation is by far more dangerous per unit of energy deposited. This is because even the powers from law ionizing radiations have the capability of causing DNA damage in living things. Because the cells of living things and DNA in the cell can be negatively affected by the ionization, then this type of radiation can easily lead to higher chances of getting cancer. Given that a single living cell cons ists of billions of atoms, only a small fraction of the atoms will be affected by radiation with low powers (Gale and Lax 187). Therefore, the possibility of cancer being caused by ionizing radiation on the amount of radiation that has been absorbed and the sensitivity of the tissue or organism. Particles and photons the energy of more than 10 electron volts (eV) should be referred to as ionizing. Beta particles, gamma rays, cosmic rays, X-rays, and alpha particles have enough energy that can ionize atoms. Free electrons can also be ionizing due to their ability have attraction with matter. Free electrons might occur as a result of ionization. Ionizing radiations originate from X-ray tubes, radioactive materials, particle accelerators, and some also naturally exist in the environment. Ionizing radiation is usually invisible and cannot be easily detected by any of the other four human senses. This is the reason as to why the equipment like Geiger counters are always needed to detect the presence of ionizing radiations. Ionizing radiation can be might lead to the production of some visible light when they interact with matter, as experienced during radio-luminescence and Cherenkov radiation ionizing radiation can be used in many ways in the field of medicine but can be a health hazard if not used in an appropriate way (Kudriashov 145). Exposing someone to ionizing radiation can result to the damage of his/ her living tissues. Higher doses of exposure to

Essay On Political Parties In India Essay Example for Free

Essay On Political Parties In India Essay Posted in National Issues of India by Vijay Jaiswal On August 29, 2013. No comments In a modern democratic political system of India, with governments based on Parliamentary model, political parties are central to the working of the political system. Political parties in Indian Democracy grow up the as spokesman of organized interests. Thus a Political party system in India is an organization of like minded people based together either to preserve and promote group interests or to promote a particular ideology. Usually every party seeks to promote some particular interest and ideology. The political party constantly seeks to capture governmental powers to secure its ends. In a democracy, the party gets into power through elections. In a Parliamentary system such of India, the political party winning the majority of seats in the Lower House of the Parliament forms the Government, while the Party or Parties failing to get the majority constitutes the opposition. Thus the Parliamentary government is always a Party government. It may be the government of a single party or it may be the government of a coalition of parties. The nature of political party system in India was characterized by Morris Jhones as a dominant one party system. It means that India basically has a multi-party system but one among the many parties is dominant party and monopolizes governmental power. Since independence up to the 4th general election in 1947 this was precisely the picture. The Congress party was in power during all the twenty years from 1947-67 both at the centre and in the states with a brief exception in Kerala in 1958. The 1967 elections saw the fall of the Congress monopoly in several states where unstable coalitions were established. The sixth General Election in 1977 witnessed the fall of the Congress at the centre. The Janata Government was established. But the Janata experiment soon failed. For Janata was in reality an unstable coalition. The Congress gained back its power in 1980. Then there was a B.J.P. coalition government at the centre and in few states. On the basis of their influence and aspirations, parties in India fall into two categories: All India politicalparties and regional political parties. Thus the Congress (I) or the Jananta Dal or the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) – are truly All India parties having some sort of influence throughout India and having All India aspirations. There are some other political parties which are professedly All India parties but their influence is limited to particular regions. They may be classed us regional parties with All India aspirations. The Communist Party of India (Marxist), the Communist Party of India, the Forward Block, the Revolutionary Socialist Party (R.S.P) etc. fall into this category. The influence of the C.P.I. (M) for example is concentrated in West Bengal, Kerala and Tripura. The regional political parties are those which are frankly regional in their aspirations emphasizing their ethnic or linguistic identities. The D.M.K. or the A.I.A.D.M.K. in Tamil Nadu, the Telugu Desham in Andhra, and the A.G.P. in Assam or the National Conference in Jammu and Kashmir fall into this category. There are also some frankly communal parties like the Shib Sena emphasizing their religious identity. On the basis of ideology, Indian parties may be classified into conservative, liberal democratic and revolutionary parties. The B.J.P. for example is a conservative party. The Janata Dal and the Congress are liberal democratic parties. The Communist Parties, the Revolutionary Socialist Party etc. are revolutionary parties seeking restructuring of the society along Marxian Lines, while the B.J.P. may be said to occupy the extreme right position in the political spectrum, the Congress, the Janata Dal stand at the centre while the Communist Parties and  the R.S.P. occupy the extreme left position.

The Token Black Guy In Teen Movies Essay -- tokenism film Hollywood

The Token Black Guy In Teen Movies â€Å"Throughout history, the powers of single black men flash here and there like falling stars, and die sometimes before the world has rightly gauged their brightness.† - W.E.B. Du Bois (1903), The Souls Of Black Folk (p. 4) The film industry is no stranger to racism; from the days of blackface to the exploitation and appropriation of Black culture, Hollywood executives, producers, writers, and actors have all sought to suppress and oppress Black culture for the mainstream viewing audience, as well as Black audiences themselves. These days, however, to reach a perpetually changing demographic of teenagers, film companies have had success stories with films like American Pie, Cruel Intentions, and Can't Hardly Wait - all movies geared towards teens armed with their parents' money. However, in an effort to appear diverse while making movies that appeal mainly to suburban, White teenagers, Hollywood has decided to place in the 'token black guy;' the one person of color in the entire movie, but stand in the back and doesn't really do anything. Teen movies follow a formula for success: a love story, beautiful people, California high school - these are usual staples in the teen flick market. However, the race aspects of the token also follow the same aspects: the 'token black guy' never appears by himself, only when he is around his Caucasian friends; he never speaks unless spoken to by others; and he never stars in any scenes that feature him as the object of attention, making him forever stuck in the supporting actor role. This tokenism featured in movies is not only damaging to the Black actors and actresses in the industry who accept those jobs because of lack of parts and ... ... huge change in pace from achingly slow to a medium flow. When people can work together in the film industry and understand each other culturally, that is when the progress people speak so much of is in effect. When tokenism is done with – that is when the change has occurred. References Du Bois, W.E.B. (1903). The Souls of Black Folks. Chicago: A.C. McClurg & Co. Dunbar, Paul Laurence (1926). The Complete Poems of Paul Laurence Dunbar. New York: Dodd, Mead, & Company Ringer, Benjamin B. (1983). â€Å"We the People† and Others: Duality and America’s Treatment of its Racial Minorities. New York: Tavistock Publications Waxman, Sharon. (2003, March 23). For Black Actors, A New Story Line. The Washington Post. Retrieved from the World Wide Web: http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wpdyn?pagename=article&node=&contentId=A6169-2003Mar21 ¬Found=true The Token Black Guy In Teen Movies Essay -- tokenism film Hollywood The Token Black Guy In Teen Movies â€Å"Throughout history, the powers of single black men flash here and there like falling stars, and die sometimes before the world has rightly gauged their brightness.† - W.E.B. Du Bois (1903), The Souls Of Black Folk (p. 4) The film industry is no stranger to racism; from the days of blackface to the exploitation and appropriation of Black culture, Hollywood executives, producers, writers, and actors have all sought to suppress and oppress Black culture for the mainstream viewing audience, as well as Black audiences themselves. These days, however, to reach a perpetually changing demographic of teenagers, film companies have had success stories with films like American Pie, Cruel Intentions, and Can't Hardly Wait - all movies geared towards teens armed with their parents' money. However, in an effort to appear diverse while making movies that appeal mainly to suburban, White teenagers, Hollywood has decided to place in the 'token black guy;' the one person of color in the entire movie, but stand in the back and doesn't really do anything. Teen movies follow a formula for success: a love story, beautiful people, California high school - these are usual staples in the teen flick market. However, the race aspects of the token also follow the same aspects: the 'token black guy' never appears by himself, only when he is around his Caucasian friends; he never speaks unless spoken to by others; and he never stars in any scenes that feature him as the object of attention, making him forever stuck in the supporting actor role. This tokenism featured in movies is not only damaging to the Black actors and actresses in the industry who accept those jobs because of lack of parts and ... ... huge change in pace from achingly slow to a medium flow. When people can work together in the film industry and understand each other culturally, that is when the progress people speak so much of is in effect. When tokenism is done with – that is when the change has occurred. References Du Bois, W.E.B. (1903). The Souls of Black Folks. Chicago: A.C. McClurg & Co. Dunbar, Paul Laurence (1926). The Complete Poems of Paul Laurence Dunbar. New York: Dodd, Mead, & Company Ringer, Benjamin B. (1983). â€Å"We the People† and Others: Duality and America’s Treatment of its Racial Minorities. New York: Tavistock Publications Waxman, Sharon. (2003, March 23). For Black Actors, A New Story Line. The Washington Post. Retrieved from the World Wide Web: http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wpdyn?pagename=article&node=&contentId=A6169-2003Mar21 ¬Found=true